![]() ![]() We now know that there are two main types of chemical bonding ionic bonding and covalent bonding. While some of Lewis' predictions have since been proven incorrect (he suggested that electrons occupy cube-shaped orbitals), his work established the basis of what is known today about chemical bonding. He suggested that atoms with fewer than eight valence electrons bond together to share electrons and complete their valence shells. Lewis had observed that many elements are most stable when they contain eight electrons in their valence shell. ![]() Lewis proposed that chemical bonds are formed between atoms because electrons from the atoms interact with each other. When chemically bonded together, these two dangerous substances form the compound sodium chloride, a compound so safe that we eat it every day - common table salt! Figure: The formula for table salt. The element chlorine is a greenish-colored gas that is so poisonous that it was used as a weapon in World War I. Let's look at an example. The element sodium is a silver-colored metal that reacts so violently with water that flames are produced when sodium gets wet. Formed when two or more atoms chemically bond together, the resulting compound is unique both chemically and physically from its parent atoms. This is because atoms can react with one another to form new substances called compounds (see our Chemical Reactions module). Though the periodic table has only 118 or so elements, there are obviously more substances in nature than 118 pure elements.
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